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- B7
- Refers to 2 similar transmembrane molecules (B7.1 & B7.2) that are expressed at the surface of antigen-presenting cells. B7.1 is also known as CD80; B7.2 as CD86. [View]
- Bacillus
- [anthracis] [subtilis] [thuringiensis]
- Bacteria
- [Descriptions of the "true" bacteria (Eubacteria)]
- Bacteriophage
- Virus that infects bacteria. [lambda] [phiX174 (φX174)] [T2] [T4]
- Bacteroidetes
- Balanced polymorphism
- Barbiturate
- Barcoding
- Barr body
- Base
- Molecule or ion that can take a proton from an acid. [Discussion]
- Base Excision Repair (BER) of DNA
- Base pairing of DNA
- Basidiomycetes
- Basophil
- Bats
- [echo location in] [vampire]
- Bax
- B cell
- A lymphocyte that synthesizes antibodies. Antibody-secreting cells, called plasma cells, are derived from B cells. [Discussion] [interaction with helper T cells] [how antibody diversity is generated]
- BCL-2
- [Role in apoptosis]
- BCR (the oncogene)
- BCR
- B-cell receptor for antigen [Discussion] [how its diversity is generated]
- Beadle, G. W.
- Behavior
- [Innate] [Learned] [Group]
- Benthos
- Benzer, S.
- Benzodiazepines
- Beta-carotene
- Beta conformation (in protein)
- Beta-galactosidase
- An enzyme (e.g., "lactase") that hydrolyzes the disaccharide lactose and related molecules. [synthesis by Z gene of lac operon]
- Beta-2 microglobulin
- bicoid (bcd)
- Drosophila selector gene. [encoded homeodomain] [in segmentation] [role in forming the head]
- Bilaterians
- Bile acids
- Bioassay
- Quantitative determination of the concentration of a biologically active substance from its effect on a living tissue. [Example]
- Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)
- Biological Control of Pests
- Bioluminescence
- Biomagnification, of pesticides
- Biomass
- The total amount of living matter in a given population or community.
- Biomes
- Biosphere
- The part of our planet in which life exists and with which it exchanges materials. Includes a small part of the lithosphere (the solid earth) and large parts of the hydrosphere (water) and atmosphere.
- Biotin
- Bipolar cells of human retina
- Birds
- Birth control
- Birth, human
- Biston betularia
- Bivalent
- Bivalvia
- Blastema
- Blastocyst
- The blastula formed by placental mammals. The blastocyst is the embryonic stage that implants in the wall of the uterus. [human]
- Blastula
- Early stage of animal development in which a single (usually) layer of cells surrounds a fluid-filled cavity (the blastocoel), thus forming a hollow ball. [frog]
- Blind spot on human retina
- Blood
- [general discussion] [clotting] [blood groups] [blood pressure]
- Blood-brain barrier
- Blue-green algae (Cyanobacteria)
- Bmal1 gene
- BNP (brain natriuretic peptide)
- Bond energy
- Bonds
- [covalent]
[ionic]
[polar covalent] [noncovalent]
- Bone
- Bone marrow
- [transplants of]
- Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs)
- [in embryonic development]
- Botany
- The study of plants.
- Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE)
- Boysen-Jensen
- Bradykinin
- BRAF
- Brain, human
- Branchial grooves
- Brassinosteroids
- BRCA1 and BRCA2
- Breathing
- [control of] [in insects]
- Bristol's Medium
- Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)
- Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk)
- Bryophyta
- Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis)
- Budding
- Asexual reproduction in which a new organism develops from an outgrowth of a single parent. [Example]
- Burkitt's lymphoma